Teaching Design for Change - TED Video

design based learning in Schools

http://www.lacrosseschools.org/se3bin/clientschool.cgi?schoolname=school700

La Crosse Design Institute Project Ideas 

At the La Crosse Design Institute, students take the state educational standards and bring them to life through authentic, student-driven projects. Every project is unique to each student at the La Crosse Design Institute. Project-based learning allows students to develop higher-level thinking skills, accountability, content motivation, and a real world application. All LDI students go through the process of design to complete their projects. Below are some example projects that could come out of learning at LDI. 

Natural Disaster 
Students will create natural disaster preparedness presentations about a natural disaster that could occur in their local area or an area of interest? (social studies, science, math, and language arts) 

Animal Habitat Adaptation 
Could a frog live in the desert? Would a camel still have a hump if it lived in the rainforest? Why do we have so many Asian Lady Beetles in the United States? What adaptations would a human need if they were to be a mermaid? (language arts, social studies, science) 

Are we alone? 
Using the the general structure of what we know about solar systems, galaxies, and the universe, explain why we are alone in the universe or how you can prove that we are not. (social studies, science, math, and language arts) 

Survival Architecture 
How would we build a shelter to withstand a hurricane? Pythagoras and histheorem can help students with measurements without using a protractor or a compass. (social studies, science, math, and language arts) 

Starting your own business 
What kind of business would you like to start? How do you set prices in order to make a profit? What are your expenses? Who are your suppliers? Where would your business be located? (social studies, science, math, and language arts) 

Cell Phone Plan 
Students will research and compare several different cell phone providers and decide which provider would work best for them. Why do providers have contracts? What are the catches? What is most important to a cell phone customer? Where is the best place to live in the U.S. for that provider? (social studies, math, and language arts) 

My Perfect Bedroom 
Students will design their perfect bedroom. They will create a scale drawing of their current room. They will research the cost of furnishings, wall and floor coverings and decorations that will fit into their room. What is the most expensive room and/or what is the best bargain? (math and language arts) 

Historical Comic 
Students develop a comic strip or book that explains American History issues. Students can make comics persuasive to demonstrate propaganda, satirical, or they can create a historically-based character who has adventures. (social studies and language arts) 

An immigrants Tale 
Students create an oral or digital story that is told through the eyes of historical or present day American immigrants. (social studies and language arts) 

Let's Eat! 
Students develop their own restaurant critique book that shares all the highlights or the lowlights of their communities' restaurant scene. Students can describe the menu discussing what they like or dislike. They can also discuss a pricing guide; deciding if each restaurant is worth the price on the menu. (social studies, math, and language arts) 

butterfly - TEDx

butterfly fields

http://www.butterflyfields.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=15&Itemid=87

Mini science centers -  where people can make and test things...

http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/learning/doing.html

Framework clearly defined - for learning by doing activity....

links - learning by doing

http://modelupdate.blogspot.com/2008/09/how-to-learn-by-doing.html

http://www.apcwomen.org/gemkit/en/understanding_gem/learning.htm

http://www2.glos.ac.uk/gdn/gibbs/ch2.htm

http://www.emeraldinsight.com/journals.htm?articleid=1558863&show=html

A Lifelong Learner Shares Thoughts About Education

http://www.learnbydoing.org/

blog

learning by doing

http://www.dumblittleman.com/2010/10/why-you-should-learn-by-doing.html

Do you enjoy learning new things? I certainly do.

In particular, I enjoy about learning new ways to better myself and my relationships with others. When I first started on this quest I couldn't get enough. I read about it all the time on blogs, online magazines and in books. There came a point where everything I read was just a slightly different version of the same thing. I was stuck.

I felt as though I had run out of things to read and ideas to try, yet I didn't feel any better. I didn't feel as though I was a better person or that my relationships with others had improved at all. There was something missing. It was the doing.

DESCHOOLING SOCIETY

http://www.davidtinapple.com/illich/1970_deschooling.html

Introduction xix

1. Why We Must Disestablish School

2. Phenomenology of School
3. Ritualization of Progress
4. Institutional Spectrum

5. Irrational Consistencies

6. Learning Webs

7. Rebirth of Epimethean Man

TEaching design K12

http://www.idsa.org/teaching-design-k-12

Engagement, willingness to take risks, empowering students to believe that they can be creative by practicing, learning and encouraging them to problem solve, prototype, fail and iterate are unheard of ideas for most US school systems. These bold, new ideas that designers practice every day are starting to get some traction as an alternative to the present rigid US education system and could raise education scores of US students. 

Since the introduction of the National Curriculum in 1992, which included as one of the core subjects Design and Technology, the British education system has recognized that teaching design to K-12 grade children teaches a process and approach to creative thinking even if students don’t become designers when they leave school. This means that all young adults entering the workforce have an understanding of design. How does that compare to the people we work with in business? Besides the educational benefits for students, it also means a much better reception in the workplace for design because many more people have a fundamental grasp of what design can do and how it works as a process. 

As part of IDSA’s efforts to promote design to business, we set a long-term goal of ensuring that all students coming out of school at least know and understand what design is and what it can do. With this in mind, the following article outlines some of the advocacy IDSA has in the works to better integrate design into the K-12 education system.

Intel - Project based learning

http://www.intel.com/about/corporateresponsibility/education/k12/projects.htm

Project-based approaches engage students in deeper content area knowledge and develop 21st century skills such as collaboration, problem-solving, and critical thinking.

dschool

http://dschool.typepad.com/news/2009/08/k12-lab-dt2schools-workshop.html

Stanford d.school Co-Founder George Kembel talks about "Awakening Creativity" at the Chautauqua Institution.  Watch the video here.

We tweeted highlights during the speech via @stanforddschool.  You can also read them below:

• Is creativity something that is available to all of us or is it something that some are born or gifted with?
• Creativity is a profound latent capacity available to all of us. Why does it remain dormant in so many of us?
• Can creativity be awakened?  Can it be nurtured?
• Empathy can inform the problem definition phase and prototyping can help you learn. 
• Start with empathy to gain inspiration.  See the story of the Embrace Global baby incubator as an example. Without being human-centered, they would not have come up with an incubator that looks like a sleeping bag instead of a box that plugged into a wall.  For more on Embrace Global click here. 
• Try a lot of little experiments with low resolution prototypes.
• For more on d.light design click here. 
• Vulnerability required: Preserve ambiguity longer than you are comfortable to leave room for empathy to inform problem definition.
• How can public radio innovate? The story of @DesignAgitator and @wnyc is told.
• Instead of holding on to a clear goal, hold on to a process.  This allows for innovation.
• Our first responsibility is to create the innovators, not the innovations.
• Creativity is a latent capacity available to all of us.  Design thinking can unlock it. It begins with individual transformation.
• If you focus only on innovations, you risk killing creativity. But if you focus on innovators you most likely get both.
• The dschool's K-12 Lab is bringing design thinking to K12 education.
• You don't lead by control, you lead by guiding. 
• We don't believe that creativity is something you separate from other disciplines. We bring all the disciplines together.

Congratulations George on an inspiring talk!

Design as a process

http://www.nbm.org/schools-educators/design-education/design-the-design-process-and-design-education.html

Design as a Process

The act of design can be defined as a purposeful and creative process for developing solutions for defined needs and audiences.

• Design fulfills a need or a purpose and is carried out purposefully. Thus, it is not random or arbitrary.
• Design is creative because it involves the development of something new, different, or improved. Design is also creative because it embodies an aesthetic component, be it the visual appeal of the Washington Monument or the organizational elegance of a workflow system.
• Design is practical because it provides a solution to a perceived problem or need. The solution is not predetermined; indeed, there can be more than one viable solution or design.
• Design should respond to a particular audience or audiences. For example, a chair that is designed for a child will likely differ in form and style from a chair designed for an older person.

Design is a plan for arranging elements in such a way as best to accomplish a particular purpose. – Charles Eames

Design in its simplest form is the activity of creating solutions. Design is something that everyone does everyday. – Frank Nuovo

Design is a creative activity—it involves bringing into being something new and useful that has not existed previously. – J.B. Reswich

Design is the method of putting form and content together. Design, just as art, has multiple definitions, there is no single definition. Design can be art. Design can be aesthetics. Design is so simple, that's why it is so complicated.   – Paul Rand

Design Education in Schools

http://anddesignmagazine.blogspot.com/2010/04/design-education-in-schools-is-key.html

The Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museum and the National Design Policy Initiative are teaming up to make design education in schools one of their top priorities in American Design Policy.

Caroline Payson, (left) education director for the Cooper-Hewitt, lead the first of three round table discussions for the National Design Policy Initiative at the IDEAS Forum held in Washington, D.C. on April 13, 2010 on the role of design education in schools for the 21st century. Participants then worked in teams to develop strategies and recommendations for raising public awareness about design education and providing the infrastructure necessary to insure that every student in K-12 schools understands design and design thinking.

TED Talks - Eames Demetrious

http://www.ted.com/talks/the_design_genius_of_charles_and_ray_eames.html

live shool

http://www.live-school.net/services.lol

LIVE-SCHOOL is an interactive system with a suite of tools that allows you to give or follow classes, training, conferences or any other meeting via webcam and microphone.

Accessible to anyone and user-friendly, no technical knowledge is required so you can be up and running quickly.

Description of LIVE-SCHOOL interative classroom:
     - 10 microphones/webcams monitoring
     - Chatroom
     - Live import of shared images  (motion, zoom, transparency)
     - Live all type document sharing (Excel, Word, PowerPoint etc.)
     - Interactive whiteboard (diagrams, patterns and tables)
     - HD video player
     - A PHONE (teacher side) with conference option (dialog is listened by all students)

Studio School

The Studio School’s approach transcends the standard curricula and is uniquely designed to develop and enhance each child’s innate intelligence and creativity.  It blends an understanding of child development with a working knowledge of how children learn, a student-teacher relationship that is emotionally connective, and a rich curriculum imbued with a breadth and depth of learning.


http://www.studioschoolnyc.org/how_we_work.htm

http://www.provincialschoolstudio.com/aboutus.html

http://schoolstudio.typepad.com/school_design_studio/33-educational-design-pri.html

http://studioschoolstrust.org/

http://www.studioinaschool.org/

http://www.hydeparkart.org/school-studio/

http://schoolofstudio.wordpress.com/

school studio project

WHAT IS A SCHOOL STUDIO PROJECT?

Artists Working in Education values art as an integral part of education. We believe that Teaching Artists offer a unique perspective and can help foster inquisitiveness, creativity flexibility, imagination and confidence in children. Through a School Studio residency, students collaborate with a professional Teaching Artist who brings a creative approach to the planning and implementation of a collaborative art experience. 

http://schoolstudio.typepad.com/

http://awe-inc.org/school-studio.php

http://www.provincialschoolstudio.com/aboutus.html

http://schoolstudio.typepad.com/school_design_studio/33-educational-design-pri.html

http://www.designshare.com/

School in a Box - Canada

School in a Box has been created by Canadian teachers to cover the core North American curriculum for Grades 1 through 8.

It guides teachers and students through 400 lessons over 2 semesters in English, Math, Science and Social Studies with minimum preparation time.

The layout is clear, precise and easy to follow allowing teachers more time to focus on student needs.

It truly is a “School in a Box”.

http://poptech.org/about

What is PopTech?
PopTech is a unique innovation network – a global community of cutting-edge leaders, thinkers, and doers from many different disciplines, who come together to explore the social impact of new technologies, the forces of change shaping our future, and new approaches to solving the world’s most significant challenges. We are known for our thriving community of thought-leaders, breakthrough innovation programs, visionary annual conferences and deep media and storytelling capabilities.

http://www.designthinkingforeducators.com/

http://www.designthinkingforeducators.com


IDEO Toolkit - Developed for Education

- REFLECTIVE
- HANDS ON
- INTERACTIVE

Inclusive Design Toolkit

http://www.inclusivedesigntoolkit.com/betterdesign2/

Every design decision has the potential to include or exclude customers. Inclusive design emphasizes the contribution that understanding user diversity makes to informing these decisions. User diversity covers variation in capabilities, needs, and aspirations.

It is important to understand the terms design and inclusive design, the ethos behind inclusive design, and the way inclusive design contributes to product success. A number of case studies demonstrate how inclusive design can foster innovation and better design.

Design with Intent

http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/design-for-sustainable-behaviour/


http://research.danlockton.co.uk/toolkit/designwithintent_cards_1.0_draft_300dpi.pdf

My PhD involves developing a ‘design pattern’ toolkit, called Design with Intent, to help designers create products, services and environments which influence the way people use them. The toolkit brings together techniques for understanding and changing human behaviour from a number of psychological disciplines, illustrated with examples, to enable designers to explore and apply relevant strategies to problems.

Can industrial designers use the Design with Intent toolkit to apply insights from other disciplines (psychology, ergonomics, architecture, human-computer interaction, behavioural economics) to generate novel, realistic design concepts, addressing briefs on influencing user behaviour, primarily to reduce the environmental impact of technology use, but also in other social benefit contexts?

How useful is the toolkit to designers, compared with conventional brainstorming? (Assessed by the quantity and diversity of concepts generated, compared with control groups)
How usable are different variations of the toolkit, such as a structured ‘prescription’ approach using a form of decision tree with ‘target behaviours’, a more freeform approach, posters and card decks? (Assessed by observation of participants and a think-aloud method)
What can be improved to make a better ‘product’ which designers will feel comfortable using, and want to adopt as part of the design process? (Assessed by observation, think-aloud method, and surveys)

Interaction by Design

http://www.interactionbydesign.com/presentations/olsen_persona_toolkit.pdf

Interaction by Design helps you create digital products that are not only useful and usable, but also so desirable that people can’t live without them. Because regardless of whether it’s a website, software application or any other “product with a brain,” compelling experiences create compelling returns.

The same holds true for intranets and internal applications. We help you develop ones that are efficient and easy-to-use. Ones so effective your employees won’t want to work without them.

Over the past decade, we’ve helped a wide variety of companies—from start-ups to major corporations like Adobe, The Capital Group and Yahoo!—develop applications and websites that their customers and employees found useful, usable and desirable, and which have generated tangible businesses results.

Find out what we can do for you to help you deliver memorable—and valuable—digital products.

visual literacy

Open publication - Free publishing - More art

sprig toys

http://www.sprigtoys.com/products/storybuilders/pigs.php

Interesting set of toys .... combines ...

1. story board - set of pages with stories
2. Pop up panels - illustration of the stories in 3D
3. Blocks - used to reinforce the story - which can be moved around ...

The same type of model is what I am planning for the tool kit for teachers - which they can carry around ...

Science of Everyday life - Discovery & 3M1

http://scienceofeverydaylife.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?campaign=flyout_students_programs_soel

http://www.discoveryeducation.com/administrators/curricular-resources/science-techbook/#/Content

http://store.discoveryeducation.com/

Student - post online

http://www.cln.org/themes/publish.html


Publish Your Creative Work On-Line Theme Page

---

This "Theme Page" has links to resources which will help students to publish their creative work (stories, poetry, art, etc) on-line.

Teachers Tools

http://www.4teachers.org/tools/

4Teachers Family of Tools

Expand your curriculum with our timesaving educational resources that use technology to improve instruction across all content areas and grade levels. Find current resources that align with standards, promote higher-order thinking, and support the development of writing skills. Monitor student research and writing, evaluate student performance, and create bilingual online lessons, classroom calendars, and quizzes in less time than traditional methods.

http://blog.4teachers.org/

Rishivalley School - KFI

http://www.rishivalley.org/

http://www.river-rv.org/contactus.html

http://river-rv.blogspot.com/

Silent revolution - British council

What is PBL?
According to Wikipedia, Project based learning, or PBL, is a constructivist pedagogy that intends to bring about deep learning by allowing learners to use an inquiry based approach to engage with issues and questions that are rich, real and relevant to their lives. This strategy is well served since the onset of the read/write Web. Teachers have ready made content easily available via the Web and the tools to allow for creative student directed creation of content related to the problems and questions contained in the project being studied.

PBL - Wikispaces - documents

http://abpc.wikispaces.com/Project+Based+Learning

What is PBL?

According to Wikipedia, Project based learning, or PBL, is a constructivist pedagogy that intends to bring about deep learning by allowing learners to use an inquiry based approach to engage with issues and questions that are rich, real and relevant to their lives. This strategy is well served since the onset of the read/write Web. Teachers have ready made content easily available via the Web and the tools to allow for creative student directed creation of content related to the problems and questions contained in the project being studied.

EDUTOPIA - Core Strategies

http://www.edutopia.org/core-concepts

The diverse and innovative media resources available from The George Lucas Educational Foundation are designed to connect and inspire positive change in all areas of education.

• Edutopia.org: An in-depth and interactive resource, Edutopia.org offers practical, hands-on advice, real-world examples, lively contributions from practitioners, and invaluable tips and tools.
• Edutopia video: Through an extensive offering of documentaries, Edutopia video is a catalyst for innovation by helping educators and parents, as well as business and community leaders, see and understand pioneering best practices.

To understand more about why we are passionate about our work, read about our Core Strategiesand about what our founder and chairman, George Lucas, has to say about education.

http://www.edutopia.org/core-concepts

Project based learning - Explained

ABL Report - Anandalakshi

ACTIVITY BASED LEARNING 

A Report on an Innovative Method in Tamil Nadu 

By S. Anandalakshmy Ph.D. 

Assisted by the Bala Mandir team: Usha Ramakrishnan, Indu Balagopal, Lakshmi Gopal, Jaya Krishnaswami, Swatantra Saktivel, & Anne Panghat. 

Preamble 

This is year 2007. India is completing its sixty year cycle, since Independence. A time to reflect. A time to take a critical retrospective scan of the education of children in the country. A time to acknowledge that the country has failed to provide a satisfactory education to the millions of children, who look to the State with hope and anticipation. Dozens of studies have substantiated the failure of the system on the whole, even while there are some pockets of successful pedagogic efforts. Innovative methods which engage the children and enable them to achieve mastery over school- related competencies and skills can be located here and there. However, they are small in scale and number.

Workshop on Implementation initiative on Project Based Learning

http://www.intel.com/cd/corporate/education/APAC/ENG/in/newsarchive/news33/410442.htm

http://www.intel.com/cd/corporate/education/apac/eng/in/tools/elements/467739.htm

Intel® Teach Elements: Project-Based Approaches

Are you looking for high-quality free professional development that you can experience now, anytime or anywhere? Take our first course in a new series of high interest, visually compelling short courses that provide deeper exploration of 21st century learning concepts using: Animated tutorials and audio dialogs to explain concepts Interactive knowledge checking exercises Offline activities to apply concepts Intel® Teach Program The Intel® Teach Program improves teacher effectiveness through professional development, helping teachers integrate technology into their lessons and promoting students' problem-solving, critical thinking, and collaboration skills. With more than 7 million teachers trained in over 60 countries, Intel Teach is the largest, most successful program of its kind.

Project based learning - Checklist

http://pblchecklist.4teachers.org/index.shtml

A project based learning method is a comprehensive approach to instruction. Your students participate in projects and practice an interdisciplinary array of skills from math, language arts, fine arts, geography, science, and technology.

"The collaborative nature of the investigation enhances all of these valuable experiences ... as well as promotes a greater appreciation for social responsibility (Scott, 1994)."

http://www.rmcdenver.com/useguide/pbl.htm

http://www.tea.state.tx.us/index2.aspx?id=6148

http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/ed_init/pkguidelines/PKG_Final_100808.pdf

http://www.tpriandtjl.com/catalog/index.php?osCsid=4mqhikl5md7ou5pd6612fmp3p0

ABL - course

In Activity-Based Learning courses, students do public service, fieldwork, community-based research and internships in conjunction with in-class work. ABL pedagogy aims to enrich students’ academic experience and learning outcomes by connecting theory with practice, and concepts with methods, using data and insight they obtain through engagement with the larger world.

http://isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=k1985&pageid=icb.page29716

British council , Unicef - ABL in Tamil Nadu

Managing a Silent Revolution: Educational Change in Tamil Nadu from India British Council on Vimeo.

A ‘Silent Revolution' has taken place in south Indian primary schools. A vision of individualized, interactive learning was realised with the implementation of Activity Based Learning. The Tamil Nadu government managed this change and now together with British Council and Unicef, aims to give children relevant and quality exposure to English.

An overview, supported by a short video will show how teachers' attitudes and behaviours have changed and how the creation of an activity based environment was implemented in all government primary schools across this large state.

The talk will continue by describing how ‘Project English' managed by British Council together with Unicef have worked with the state government to develop and deliver a cascade teacher development programme for 120,000 teachers.

Finally the lessons learned from this collaborative project have been pulled together by all three partners to produce a ‘toolkit' of practical guidelines on how to ensure the smooth planning and implementation of large scale INSET projects in developing countries. 

http://www.britishcouncil.org.in/efponline/sessions/20_4.html

ABL - primary Class

wiki link

Analysing Activity Based Learning in Primary Classes

Overview

So far the concentration in overhauling of primary education, has been to make activity based teaching. The present project tries to analyse how much of this teaching results in activity based learning ,as far as the child/student is concerned.

Aims

The present project aims at finding out how much of learning has resulted from the activity based method of teaching in the different primary classes (class I to class V)

Objectives

Objective

To study the different methods of teaching used from class I to class V To observe the interaction of students and report To observe the voluntary participation of students. To understand how the topic of the said period is recapitulated To study the evaluation procedure of the activity by the teacher. To relate the results to the achievement result of the students

Project Plan

Methodology

Observation of the different class teaching will be done for a month in each of the schools chalked out for the study. Initially we will work on Govt. schools, then go on to Public schools and then to the private schools The results of the observation will be tabulated . The teacher teaching the classes will be inte4rviewed to find out how she marks and evaluates the students. Observation of the achievement results will also help tally and correlate with the achievement results.

Milestones

• • How much participation /interaction is present
  • How Teacher recapitulates
  • Evaluation Method
  • Achievement results as indicator
  • How useful this process could be
  • How to improve/on what points

The process will take at least one year's time to get actual results.

Project based learning

Project based learning

Sun Associates offers program evaluation, technical assistance, strategic planning and auditing services to educational organizations such as schools, districts, and states. We work in all areas of educational reform, and we specialize in helping organizations successfully integrate and evaluate the impact of instructional technology across the curriculum. Our job at Sun Associates is to provide the expert guidance and strategic assistance necessary for educators, administrators, students, and parents to create the best environment for teaching and learning.

If you're new to our site, a good place to start is by exploring some examples of current and recent projects. Also, check out the wide variety of materials and resources we offer for teachers and administrators.

Name selection

Ekalaiva - Self learning ....

what is required is activity based learning ....or observe by demonstration

- name from epics would be preferred.....

What is ABL

Activity-based instruction involves...activities! This is in opposite of pure lectures. It means hands-on approaches to instruction, using manipulatives to engage multiple senses, as opposed to just listening to a lecture. For instance, I've used notecards in a lesson to teach complete subjects and predicates. On the notecards I wrote (from a prompt) complete subjects and complete predicates, separate from each other, and had the students find their match. As opposed to just listening to me tell them what the differences are, they see them, evaluate them, and synthesize them (reference 'ole Bloom's Taxonomy).




Activity-bases instruction revolves around students learning though hands-on activities. I think that this method can be great, especially for tactile learners. It breaks up the monotony of the basic teacher-led lecture/students listen and take notes system. Let's face it, not all students learn from listening to their teacher drone on for 50-90 minutes a day. Activity-based allows students to demonstrate an understanding of the material and, usually, work with a partner or group, which leads to socialization

I think, however, that this type instruction is better for a group of students who are highly motivated and goal oriented. If not, these activities can result in chaos, because many students consider this "goof off" time. They don't learn anything and they don't create any type of worthwhile product. I've seen this happen way too many times. Recently, I had my students demonstrate their understanding of Beowulf by creating an Anglo-Saxon newspaper. In this newspaper, they had to write an article summarizing the story of Beowulf. The rest was to focus on Anglo-Saxon events, etc. Instead of creating amazing projects, they wasted 90 mins. chatting about their weekends, and then wanted another day to complete the project. What they turned in was trash and demonstrated very little effort or knowledge. In that case, activity-based instruction was a waste of time.


Link

ABL - Merits and Demerits

ABL - Adv and disadv,

Activity Based Instruction:

What does activity based instruction classroom look like? Well .. active! Here, the teacher is mostly that of a facilitator rather than of authority in knowledge. He engages the learners into tasks and makes abstract ideas into concrete ones. It is learning by doing rather than learning by listening It can be done in two ways – i) Student cantered instruction where students have freedom to choose a problem and formulate strategies to solve them and ii) Teacher cantered instruction where the teacher takes the lead role.

Advantages of Activity Based Instruction:

1) The most important feature of activity based instruction is learning by doing. So this method of instruction can fulfil the natural urge of a growing child on one hand also can help them learn their lesson.

2) The method also promotes better understanding of a lesson among students as they learn the lesson by practicing the task themselves.

3) It inspires the students to apply their creative ideas, knowledge and minds in solving problems as well as promoting competitive spirit among them.

4) It also helps learner psychologically as they can express their emotions through active participation in something useful.

5) The method also helps in developing their personalities, social traits and inter-personal management skills.

Disadvantages of Activity Based Instruction:

1) The activity based instruction method requires long-term planning with minute details of the whole process because before engaging the learners, the teacher has to make sure that all students have sufficient knowledge and skills regarding the task they are going to perform. So this method can not be used on a regular and daily basis as it involves a lengthy procedure.

2) The objectives of the method can only be fulfilled if the planning of the lesson is flawless. If there is slightest flaw in the planning, this method would do more harm than good.

3) Learners have varied levels of merit and understanding. So less meritorious students might not prepare for a task as other which might lead to failure of objectives of the whole process.

4) Many renowned educationists also are of the opinion that the activity based method is more suitable for branches of experimental sciences and less useful for subjects of social sciences.